1. Planning Passages
(Mariners Education/Navigation)

... the voyage has begun the progress of the vessel along its planned route must be monitored. This requires that the ship's position be determined, using standard methods including dead reckoning, celestial ...

2. Navigational History
(Mariners Education/Navigation)

... for short distances, using the sun and stars. This early celestial navigation was problemmatic and often resulted in the navigator becoming lost. In the China Sea and Indian Ocean, a navigator could ...

3. Marine Navigation
(Mariners Education/Navigation)

...  Celestial observation (a short segment of the circle of equal altitude, but generally represented as a line) Terrestrial range (natural or man made) when two charted points are observed to be in ...