The correct answer is D) 200 miles. The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the United States extends 200 nautical miles seaward from the baseline of the territorial sea. This is defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which the US has recognized and adopted. The EEZ grants the US certain rights and responsibilities over the exploration and use of marine resources in this zone, beyond the 12-nautical mile territorial sea. The other options are incorrect because 100 miles (A) is too short, 53 miles (B) is incorrect, and 300 miles (C) exceeds the internationally recognized 200-nautical mile limit of the EEZ.