The correct answer is B: "Yes" should be substituted by "affirmative" or a suitable equivalent, and "No" should be substituted by "negative" or an equivalent. This is the correct answer because in professional maritime radio communications, particularly over sound-powered telephone circuits, the use of clear, unambiguous terminology is crucial. The words "yes" and "no" can be easily misheard or misconstrued, which could lead to potentially dangerous miscommunications. Using more distinct words like "affirmative" and "negative" helps to ensure the intended message is accurately received and understood. The other options are incorrect because they either use more casual or colloquial substitutes (A, D) or use nonstandard terms (C) that are not typically used in professional maritime radio communications.