Question 4

The Correct Answer is B A **Vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver (RAM)** is defined in Rule 3(g) of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) as a vessel that, from the nature of her work, is unable to deviate from her course and speed. More importantly, when determining the hierarchy of responsibilities (the "pecking order") laid out in Rule 18, a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver is given the highest priority among all vessels listed in the options (A, C, D). Rule 18(b)(i) states that a power-driven vessel must keep out of the way of a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver. Because of the functional restrictions imposed by her work (e.g., dredging, surveying, cable laying), the RAM vessel is, by definition, considered unable to execute the necessary maneuvers (such as altering course or speed significantly) required to keep out of the way of most other vessels. **Why the other options are incorrect:** * **A) Vessel towing:** A vessel towing is generally a Power-Driven Vessel (PDV) and, unless she meets the specific definition of a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver (which is rare), she is obligated under Rule 18(a) to keep out of the way of a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver, a vessel engaged in fishing, and a sailing vessel. A towing vessel is generally able to alter course and speed to keep out of the way. * **C) Vessel engaged in fishing:** A vessel engaged in fishing is high in the hierarchy (Rule 18(a)(iii)) and must be kept clear of by PDVs and sailing vessels. However, she must still keep out of the way of a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver (Rule 18(b)(i)). Furthermore, the fishing vessel's primary limitation is often her gear, not her absolute inability to change course or speed to avoid a collision if necessary. * **D) Sailing vessel:** A sailing vessel is generally required to keep out of the way of a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver and a vessel engaged in fishing (Rule 18(a)(ii)). A sailing vessel is generally maneuverable and expected to take action to avoid collisions with vessels higher in the hierarchy or when encountering another sailing vessel (Rule 12).