Question 10

The Correct Answer is B **Explanation for B (Correct Answer):** The situation described, where Vessel "A" is overtaking Vessel "B" (as indicated by the context of International/Inland rules regarding passing situations), falls under Rule 13 (Overtaking) of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) and the Inland Rules. Rule 13(d) states: "Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not make the overtaking vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of these Rules or relieve her of the duty of keeping clear until she is finally past and clear." Critically, Rule 17 (Action by Stand-on Vessel) applies here. In an overtaking situation, the vessel being overtaken (Vessel "B") is the **stand-on vessel** and has the duty to **hold her course and speed**. The overtaking vessel (Vessel "A") is the give-way vessel and must keep clear. **Explanation of Incorrect Options:** * **A) should slow down until vessel "A" has passed:** This is incorrect. The stand-on vessel (Vessel B) must maintain her speed to allow the give-way vessel (Vessel A) to predict her movements accurately and complete the maneuver safely. Slowing down unexpectedly would violate Rule 17(a)(i). * **C) may steer various courses and vessel "A" must keep clear:** This is incorrect. The stand-on vessel must maintain a steady course (Rule 17(a)(i)). Steering "various courses" would be highly unpredictable, confusing the give-way vessel (A), and creating an immediate risk of collision. * **D) should change course to the right:** This is incorrect. Changing course is an action reserved for the give-way vessel (A) to keep clear. Vessel B must maintain her current course (Rule 17(a)(i)). Changing course unexpectedly to the right would violate her duty as the stand-on vessel. (Note: Vessel B may take action if collision cannot be avoided solely by the action of the give-way vessel, but the primary duty is to stand on.)