The correct answer is B) height of tide. The height of tide refers to the vertical distance between the surface of the water and the tidal datum, which is a reference point used to measure and predict tidal levels. The tidal datum is typically a low water datum, such as mean low water or mean lower low water, and the height of tide represents the difference between the water surface and this reference point. The other answer choices are incorrect because: A) Charted depth refers to the depth of water as shown on a nautical chart, which is not the same as the height of tide. C) Actual water depth is a different measurement that does not necessarily correspond to the height of tide. D) The range of tide is the difference between high and low water, not the distance between the water surface and the tidal datum.